Object in Object-Oriented Programming

An object is a fundamental unit in Object-Oriented Programming (OOP). It is an instance of a class that encapsulates data (attributes) and behavior (methods). Objects are created based on class blueprints and allow interaction with data in a structured way.

Why Are Objects Important?

• Encapsulation of Data: Objects store and manage data securely.
• Reusability: Objects can be reused across different parts of a program.
• Interaction with Other Objects: Objects work together to form complex systems.

How Objects Work

In C#, objects are created using the new keyword to instantiate a class.

Example:

// Class Definition
class BankAccount
{
    private double balance;
    private string owner;

    public BankAccount(string owner, double initialBalance)
    {
        this.owner = owner;
        balance = initialBalance > 0 ? initialBalance : 0;
    }

    public void Deposit(double amount)
    {
        if (amount > 0)
        {
            balance += amount;
            Console.WriteLine($"{owner} deposited: {amount}");
        }
    }

    public double GetBalance()
    {
        return balance;
    }
}

// Creating Objects
var account1 = new BankAccount("Alice", 500);
var account2 = new BankAccount("Bob", 1000);

// Using Object Methods
account1.Deposit(200);
Console.WriteLine($"Balance for Alice: {account1.GetBalance()}");

account2.Deposit(300);
Console.WriteLine($"Balance for Bob: {account2.GetBalance()}");

Key Takeaways:

• Objects (account1, account2) are instances of the BankAccount class.
• Each object has its own unique state (owner, balance).
• Methods interact with the object's data and modify its state.

Conclusion

Objects are the core building blocks of OOP. They allow structuring code in a modular and reusable way. Understanding how to create and use objects effectively is crucial for mastering OOP.

In the next articles, we will explore more Object-Oriented Programming principles such as Interfaces and Polymorphism, continuing with our structured examples.